Backbiting and Slander - An Islamic Perspective

Backbiting and Slander - An Islamic Perspective

In the name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful;

All the praise and thanks is due to Allāh, the Lord of al-‘ālamīn. I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allāh, and that Muhammad, sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam, is His Messenger

Allāh Says in the Qur’an what means: "And why, when you heard it, did you not say: 'It is not for us to speak of this. Exalted are You [O Allāh]; this is a great slander?'" [Al-Nur, 24:16]

Allah also Says: “O you who believe! If a Fāsiq (liar – evil person) comes to you with any news, verify it, lest you should harm people in ignorance, and afterwards you become regretful for what you have done.” [Al-Hujurat, 49:6]

“And why, when you heard it, did you not say: 'It is not for us to speak of this. Exalted are You [O Allah]; this is a great slander?’” [Al-Nur, 24:16]

“Fitnah is worse than killing…” [Al-Baqarah 2:191]

Definition of Backbiting and Slander

Prophet Muhammad (Sallallāhu 'alayhi wasallam)   once asked: "Do you know what backbiting is?" His companions (radiyallāhu’anhu) replied: "Allāh and His Messenger know best." He (Sallallāhu 'alayhi wasallam) then said: "It is to say something about your brother that he would dislike." Someone asked: "But what if what is said is true?" The Messenger of Allāh (Sallallāhu 'alayhi wasallam) replied: "If what you say about him is true, then you have backbitten him, but if it is not true then you have slandered him." [Muslim]

Islam is a religion of peace, love and compassion. Lies, suspicion, backbiting, slander and gossip are totally alien to Islam. In fact, they are considered amongst the most destructive of major sins. This is so because these sins sow enmity and discord among the Muslim Ummah (nation) and lead to its destruction. They cause hostilities between people of the same household, and between neighbours, friends and relatives.

Islam demands that our relationship with mankind be one of sincerity and responsibility. It should be one where we have respect for the honour, reputation and privacy of others. Islam teaches us that we are not only held accountable for our attitudes and actions, but also for anything over which we have control or influence in our society or the world around us.

Allāh has Forbidden the Believers from Backbiting

Allāh states in the Quran (what means): “O you who have believed, avoid much [negative] assumption. Indeed, some assumption is sin. And do not spy or backbite each other. Would one of you like to eat the flesh of his brother when dead? You would detest it. And fear Allāh; indeed, Allāh is the One Who accepts repentance, Most Merciful.” [Al-Hujurat, 49:12]

If we were to reflect deeply over this example, it would be enough to keep us away from backbiting!

Backbiting and Slander are Great Sins and Cannot be Treated with Indifference

The Quran Says (what means): "When you received it with your tongues and said with your mouths that of which you had no knowledge and thought it was insignificant while it was, in the sight of Allāh, tremendous." [Al-Nur, 24:15]

Many of us backbite and gossip without thinking. We think it is a minor matter, however, Allāh reminds us to be careful, for even though we think we are doing something small, it is in fact very large in the sight of Allāh!

Allāh Teaches Us to Speak Out Against Slander and Try to Put a Stop to It

Allāh Says (what means): "And why, when you heard it, did you not say: 'It is not for us to speak of this. Exalted are You, [O Allāh]; this is a great slander?'" [Al-Nur, 24:16]

Many people are so busy spreading the slander they hear that they do not even stop to consider whether it is true or not.

Satan Wishes that We Use Our Tongues to Create Conflict and Hatred

Allāh Says (what means): "And tell My servants to say that which is best. Indeed, Satan induces [dissension] among them. Indeed, Satan is ever, to mankind, a clear enemy." [Al-Isrā’, 17:53]

Are we falling into Satan's trap? We can all analyse ourselves to see if this is the case. Let's now compare that to what Prophet Muhammad (Sallallāhu 'alayhi wasallam) said about backbiting:

Allāh states in the Qur’an (what means): "There has certainly been for you in the Messenger of Allāh an excellent pattern…" [Al-Ahzāb, 33:21]

We Should Guard Our Tongue from Sins and Use Our Limbs in Acts of Obedience

Prophet Muhammad (Sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam) said: "He who protects his tongue from unlawful utterances and his private parts from illegal sexual intercourse, I shall guarantee him entrance into Paradise." [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

The Definition of a Best Muslim

Prophet Muhammad (Sallallāhu 'alayhi wasallam) was once asked: "Who is the best Muslim?" He (Sallallāhu 'alayhi wasallam) replied: "He is the one from whom Muslims are safe from the evil of his tongue and hands." [Muslim]

Deriding people in their presence by making negative facial expressions or by hand gestures while they are unaware is also a form of backbiting.

We Need to Beware of the Slipping of Our Tongues

Prophet Muhammad (Sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam)  said: "When man wakes up in the morning each day, all his body parts warn his tongue saying: ‘Fear Allāh with regards to us, for we are under your mercy; if you are upright, we will be upright and if you are crooked, we will be crooked.’" [At-Tirmidzi]

Summary

Backbiting and slander are so widespread that they have become the topic of people’s gathering and an avenue for expressing their anger, misgivings and jealousy. Those who indulge in backbiting are oblivious of the fact that they are only harming themselves. This is because on the Day of Resurrection, both the wrongdoer and the wronged will stand before Allāh, the Just Judge. Allāh will then give the wronged person from the good deeds of the person who wronged him by backbiting or other injustices.

Some situations allow us to inform others of what someone has done. We are permitted to inform the authorities when someone does injustice to us or others. We are permitted to inform someone who can prevent a perpetrator from committing further vice. It is also permissible for us to tell whoever seeks our advice about a person for business dealings or marriage. In this case we are allowed reveal only as much as necessary about the person so that the enquirer will not feel deceived. All these forms of speaking about others are lawful.

Islam teaches us that if people are being ridiculed or backbitten in our presence, we should defend their honour. If we neglect doing so, we risk depriving ourselves of the ever-needed help and mercy from Allāh.

Prophet Muhammad (Sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam) said: "If a Muslim brother is slandered in his presence, and he is capable of defending him and does so, Allāh will defend him in this world and in the next. But if he fails to defend him, Allāh will destroy him in this world and the next." [Al-Baghawi]

What will we do the next time we are tempted to backbite, or if we hear slander in our presence? The choice is ours.

And Allāh Almighty Knows best.

[Via Islam Web 23/01/2012]