How Do One Make Up For Missed Solāh?

How Do One Make Up For Missed Solāh?

In the name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful;

All the praise and thanks is due to Allāh, the Lord of al-`ālameen. I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allāh, and that Muhammad, Sallallāhu `alayhi wasallam is His Messenger.

The Solāh are enjoined to be adhered to its specific time and it is not permissible to transgress against that except for reasons permitted in syari`ah. The Five daily Solāh is a mandatory tenet of Islam and indeed Allah has allocated specific times for acts of worship for reasons that are known to Him.

If one missed the Solāh with no excuse; rather he ignored it until the time for it ended, out of laziness and carelessness. This according to the consensus of the Muslims fuqaha' the person has committed a major sin.

It is not valid for him to make it up (Qada') according to the more correct of the two scholarly opinions, rather he has to repent and regret it, and resolve not to do that again, and he should do a lot of good deeds and offer a lot of voluntary Solāh.

Allāh Subhānahu wa ta`ala clearly says in the Qur`an:

“Verily, As-Solāh is enjoined on the believers at fixed hours” [An-Nisā’, 4:103]

Whatever the case, we are enjoined to adhere to it and it is not permissible to transgress against that except for reasons permitted in syāri`ah.

If a person misses the Solāh, one of two scenarios must possibly apply:

1 – He missed it for a reason, such as falling asleep or forgetting it. There is no sin on him in this case, but he has to make it up when he wakes up or remembers it.

It was narrated from Anas ibn Mālik (radiyallāhu`anhu) that the Prophet (Sallallāhu `alayhi wasallam) said:

“Whoever forgets a Solāh let him offer it as soon as he remembers, for there is no expiation for it other than that.”

[Narrated by al-Bukhari (572)]

Imām Muslim narrated an additional phrase, “or sleeps and misses it”: “If one of you sleeps and misses a Solāh, or forgets it, let him offer the Solāh when he remembers, for Allah says ‘and perform As-Solāh (Iqamat as-Solāh) for My remembrance’ [Ta-Ha, 20:14].”

[Narrated by Muslim (684)]

2 –He missed the Solāh with no excuse; rather he ignored it until the time for it ended, out of laziness and carelessness. This according to the consensus of the Muslims fuqaha' the person has committed a major sin.

It is not valid for him to make it up (Qada') according to the more correct of the two scholarly opinions, rather he has to repent and regret it, and resolve not to do that again, and he should do a lot of good deeds and offer a lot of voluntary Solāh.

Ibn Hazam (rahimahullāh) said:

“As for the one who deliberately omits to perform Solāh until the time for the Solāh ends, he can never make it up, so he should do a lot of good deeds and offer a lot of voluntary Solāh, so that his balance (of good deeds) will weigh heavily on the Day of Resurrection, and he should repent and ask Allah for forgiveness.”

[Al-Muhalla (2/235)]

This is also the view of `Umar Ibn Al-Khattab and his son `Abdallah, and of Sa`ad Ibn Abi Waqqas, Salman, Ibn Mas`ud, Al-Qasim Ibn Muhammad Ibn Abi Bakr, Badeel Al-`Aqeeli, Muhammad Ibn Sireen, Mutarrif Ibn `Abdallah and `Umar Ibn `Abd Al-`Aziz. It was also the view of Dawud Al-Zahiri and Ibn Hazam, and was the view favoured by Shaikh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah and al-Shawkani. Among contemporary scholars it was regarded as more correct by Al-Albāni, Ibn Bāz, Ibn ‘Uthaymeen and others.

They quoted as evidence the following:

(i) The firman of Allāh Subhānahu wa ta`ala: “Verily, As-Solāh is enjoined on the believers at fixed hours” [An-Nisā’, 4:103]

They said the ayat stipulate in most clear term that: “There is a set time for Solāh and it is not permissible to do it at any other time except with evidence.”

And the Prophet (Sallallāhu `alayhi wa sallam) said:  “Whoever forgets a Solāh, let him offer it as soon as he remembers, for there is no expiation for it other than that.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhari (572)]

(ii) The words “let him offer it as soon as he remembers, for there is no expiation for it other than that” means: “If he delays in offering the Solāh after he remembers it, then it is not expiation”

So, how about the one who neglects it deliberately without forgetting or sleeping? It is more likely that it will not be expiation in that case and making it up will be of no benefit.

(iii) It is because Allah has allocated a specific time for each obligatory Solāh, specifying the beginning and end thereof, so it is as if it is not valid to do it before that time just as it is not valid to do it afterwards.

[Al-Muhalla (2/235)]

iv) Ibn Hazam (rahimahullāh) said:

“Making it up should be based on evidence, and it is not permissible for anything to be prescribed other than by Allāh on the lips of His Messenger (Sallallāhu `alayhi wasallam).

We ask those who say that the one who deliberately omits the Solāh is obliged to make it up to tell us about this Solāh. Is it the Solāh that was enjoined by Allah or some other Solāh?

If they say it is the one that was enjoined by Allah, then we say to them: Then the one who deliberately omits it is a sinner, because he has not done what Allah commanded him to do and there is a sin, because he deliberately omits to observe Solāh until the time for it ends.”

[Al-Muhalla (2/236)]

Those who say that he has to make it up did so by analogy with the one who forgets or falls asleep, and they said that if the one who forgets has to make it up, then it is more likely that the one who deliberately omitted it should do so.

My response is that there is no comparison between the two scenarios, because the one who omits it deliberately is sinning, which is not true in the case of the one who forgets, so how can an analogy be drawn between the one who is sinning and the one who is not sinning?

Al-Shawkani (rahimahullāh) quoted Ibn Taymiyah (rahimahullāh) said:

“Those who disagree – i.e., those who say that he should make up the Solāh – do not have any proof to support their argument. Most of them say that he does not have to make it up unless there is a clear command (based on evidence), but there is no such command in this case. We do not disagree that it is obligatory to make it up; rather we disagree as to whether the made-up Solāh will be accepted from him and whether Solāh offered at the wrong time is valid. He discussed this matter at length and he favoured the view that was mentioned by Dawud and those who agreed with him, and the matter is as he put it, because I made a thorough study of this matter and I did not see any reliable evidence that obliges the one who misses a Solāh deliberately to make it up.”

[Nayl al-Awtār (2/26)]

The more correct view – and Allah knows best – is that the one who deliberately omits the prayer should not make it up; rather he has to seek forgiveness and repent. Ibn Al-Qayyim (rahimahullāh) discussed this issue at length and examined the evidence of both sides in his useful book ‘Al-Solāh (p. 67-109)’.

Shaykh Al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (rahimahullāh) said:

“The scholars who say that he should make up the Solāh do not say that by making it up he is absolved of sin, rather they say that by making it up his burden of sin is reduced, but the sin of missing and delaying the Solāh beyond its prescribed time is like any other sin, it needs either repentance or good deeds that will erase it or other things that will waive the punishment.”

[Minhaj al-Sunnah (5/233)]

 And Allāh Almighty Knows best.

 

[Via Islam Q&A]

Description Of The Prophet’s Solāh

1. The Introduction; 1.6. Clearing the Misconceptions
 2.1. Facing the Ka`abah ;  2.2. Standing in Solah ; 2.3. Intention ; 2.4. Takbīratulihram ;

2.5. To Gaze towards the Place of Sujud and Humility;

2.6. Opening Supplications of Solāh; 2.7. The Recitation;

2.8. Ruku ;  2.9. Sujud;   2.10. Second Rak`ah ;  2.11. First Tashahhud;
 2.12. Standing up for the Third, and then the Fourth Rak`ah;
 2.13. The Final Tashahhud;  2.14. The Taslim.

3. Appendixes.; 4. Glossary ; 5. Bibliography.

All About The Solah

1.  The Purification;  2.  The Menstruation;  3.  The Ghusul ;

4. Al-Wudhu’ ; 5. Tayammum;

6.  The Adzān;

7. The Status and Significance of Solāh; 

8.       The Pre-Conditions of Solāh; 9.  The Pillars of Solāh; 10. The Sunnah Part of the Solāh;

11.  The Rule on Neglecting the Solāh; 

12.    Adhkar in the Solāh; 13.  Du'ā Al-Qunūt;

14. Places Where Offering Solāh Is Prohibited ;15.  Placing a Sutrah In front of One Who is Performing Solah;

16.  What is permissible During the Solāh?;17.  The Acts that Renders Solāh Invalid;

18.  Disliked Actions during the Solāh;19. The Solāh in Times of Fear or Danger;

20. The Solāh of a Sick Person ;21.    The Prostrations of Forgetfulness of Solāh;

22.  The Excellence of Nawafil Solāh;

23. Solāh of a Traveler;24.    Solāh Qasar ;25.  Solāh Jama’;26. The Solāh Jama’ ;

27. The Masajid;28.    The Etiquette at the Masjid; 29. The Excellence of Congregational Solāh ;

30.    Solāh al-Jumu`ah;31. The Sanctified Hour of Jumu’ah;32.  The Virtues of Friday;

33. The Etiquette for Solāh al-Jumu`ah ;

34.    Dzikirullāh after Solāh;35.    Du`ā Recited After the Solāh. ;

36.    Reasons for doing Sujud Al-Sahwi ;

37. Solāh al-Hajjat ; 38. Solāh al-Tahajjud ; 39.  Solāh al-Tarawih ;40. Solāh al-Dhuha ; 

41. Solāh al-Hajjat ; 42.    Solāh al-Istikhārah ;43.  Solāh al-Janāzah;

44.  Solāh al-Jumu`ah;45. Solāh al-Kasuf ; 46.    Solāh al-Khauf ;47.  Solāh al-Marid; 48. Solāh al-Tahajjud ;

49.    Solāh al-Tahiyyyatul Masjid; 50.  Solāh al-Tarawih;

51.    Solāh al-Tawbah ; 52.    Solāh al-Witr; 53.    Solāh al-Wudhu’ ; 54.    Solāh Eid ul Fitr